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Corbel

Corbel
  1. Consoles that support the door cornice.
  2. Stone ledges for lifting stones that are not disassembled after construction.

Even though in modern architecture, corbels are rarely used,  "console" is widely used for furniture, as in console table and other decorative arts where the motif appears. Corbels are clearly visible under the massive cornice of the door.

A console is more specifically an "S"-shaped scroll bracket in the classical tradition, with the upper or inner part larger than the lower or outer. Keystones are also often in the form of consoles. 

The word "corbel" comes from Old French and derives from the Latin corbellus, a diminutive of corvus ("raven"), which refers to the beak-like appearance. Similarly, the French refer to a bracket-corbel, usually a load-bearing internal feature, as a corbeau ("crow").

In architecture, a console is a detail, generally curved in the shape of an "S," serving as a support for a balcony or an element protruding from the facade.

It is also an ornamental element, without any particular function, curved in an inverted S, which decorates the key of arc. The unwound part is called the face. The console is sometimes double, with a pleating effect on a body of moldings.

The face of the console is often adorned with interlocking glyphs or figures.

The console is distinguished from the corbel by its larger size: it is usually made of several stones, in contrast to the corbel and modillion.

When not purely ornamental, the console is generally used to support an "off-the-shelf" structure such as an oriel, a bay window, or a balcony. In contrast, the corbel and the modillion serve rather than support a structure. Element is inconspicuous like a cornice, a lintel, or a beam.

In its role of support is often added a decorative role.

The projection console is composed of several superimposed consoles (including supporting a machicolation).

In Art Nouveau, the consoles are typically decorated with floral motifs.

Sometimes, corbels look like part of a human or animal body, as these majestic Atlants of the New Hermitage support the portico's roof. The building was built in 1852 by the project of Leo Klenze. Please pay attention to their elbows. 

 

Atlants of the New Hermitage

Atlants of the New Hermitage support the roof of the portico by elbows - corbels.
Atlants of the New Hermitage support the roof of the portico by elbows - corbels.

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